Specific cognitive–neurophysiological processes predict impulsivity in the childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder combined subtype

摘要: Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood. Besides inattention and hyperactivity, impulsivity third core symptom leading to diverse serious problems. However, neuronal mechanisms underlying ADHD are still not fully understood. This all more case when patients with combined subtype (ADHD-C) considered who characterized by both symptoms hyperactivity/impulsivity. Method Combining high-density electroencephalography (EEG) recordings source localization analyses, we examined what information processing stages dysfunctional ADHD-C ( n = 20) compared controls 18). Results Patients made impulsive errors a Go/No-go task than healthy controls. Neurophysiologically, different subprocesses from perceptual gating attentional selection, resource allocation response selection processes altered this patient group. Perceptual gating, stimulus-driven attention were pronounced ADHD-C, related activation differences parieto-occipital networks suggest filtering deficits. only processes, associated medial prefrontal networks, predicted ADHD-C. Conclusions Although clinical picture complex multitude steps altered, subset seems directly modulate behaviour. The present findings improve understanding might help refine treatment algorithms focusing on impulsivity.