A systematic methodology for the robust quantification of energy efficiency at wastewater treatment plants featuring Data Envelopment Analysis

摘要: Abstract This article examines the potential benefits of using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for conducting energy-efficiency assessment wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). WWTPs are characteristically heterogeneous (in size, technology, climate, function …) which limits correct application DEA. paper proposes and describes Robust Energy Efficiency DEA (REED) in its various stages, a systematic state-of-the-art methodology aimed at including exogenous variables nonparametric frontier models especially designed WWTP operation. In particular, systematizes modelling process by presenting an integrated framework selecting appropriate models, possibly tackling effect factors. As result, REED improves quality efficiency estimates hence significance benchmarking. For reader's convenience, this is presented as step-by-step guideline to guide user determination energy from beginning end. The developed demonstrated case study related comparison set 399 operating different countries under environmental conditions.