摘要: Mammakarzinome sind uberwiegend sporadischen Ursprungs, wahrend 5–10% erblich bedingt sind. Von diesen etwa 50% mit Mutationen in den Brustkrebsgenen BRCA1 und BRCA2 assoziiert. BRCA-Mutationstragerinnen tragen ein lebenslanges Erkrankungsrisiko von 60–80% fur Brustkrebs 20–40% Eierstockkrebs. Molekulargenetische Analysen ermoglichen die Identifikation der Frauen einem erhohten Erkrankungsrisiko. Fur diese wurde 1996 das deutschlandweite Verbundprojekt „Familiarer Brust- Eierstockkrebs“ etabliert, interdisziplinares Beratungs- Betreuungskonzept entwickelt hat. Neben genetischer Beratung Testung werden praventive therapeutische Masnahmen wie intensivierte Fruherkennung, prophylaktische Operationen neue, masgeschneiderte Therapieverfahren angeboten.
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