Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury: The Work of DAMPs*

摘要: Current notions in immunology hold that not only pathogen-mediated tissue injury but any activates the innate immune system. In principle, this evolutionarily highly conserved, rapid first-line defense system responds to pathogen-induced with creation of infectious inflammation, and non-pathogen-induced ‘sterile’ inflammation. review, evidence has been collected support notion transfusion-related acute lung induces a inflammation transfused patients terms an inflammatory disease. The response is mediated by patient's cells including lung-passing neutrophils pulmonary endothelial cells, which are equipped pattern recognition receptors. These receptors able sense injury-induced, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) generated during collection, processing, storage blood/blood components. process leads activation these cells. A critical role for protein complex known as NLRP3 inflammasome suggested be at center such scenario. This undergoes initial ‘priming’ step 1 class DAMPs then ‘activating’ another activate interleukin-1beta interleukin-18. 2 cytokines promote, via transactivation, formation