An experimental analysis of impulsivity and impulse control in humans.

摘要: Abstract In choosing between small, immediate and large, delayed reward, an organism behaves impulsively if it chooses the small reward shows impulse control large reward. Work with nonhumans suggests that impulsivity may be derived from gradients of reinforcement. A model developed by Ainslie Rachlin preference for rewards should a function when choice is made: no delay preferred to X, but adding T both alternatives shift Three experiments investigated this reversal in humans, using termination 90 dba white noise as reinforcing event. Experiment 1 showed under some instructional conditions 90-sec off was over 120-sec after 60-sec delay, shifted 15-sec (T) added alternatives. 2 replicated two three rather than values T. 3 confirmed effect humans committed themselves commitment could made time before presentation These data support Ainslie-Rachlin extend human behavior.