Choice and Self-Control

摘要: For several decades, choice has been the focus of considerable research by those who study operant behavior. This is not surprising, because topics and behavior are intimately intertwined. In everyday life, people can choose among a large, almost infinite set behaviors, they only which behaviors to perform, but under what conditions, at rate, for how long. Because an essential part human (and animal) it studied with great interest behavioral psychologists, also decision theorists, economists, political scientists, biologists, others. The methods used in these different disciplines vary widely, review all studying well beyond scope purpose this chapter. Instead, chapter will on techniques most frequently research—techniques that involve single-subject designs, allow precise control reinforcement contingencies, produce (in cases) large clear effects each subject’s