Spatial Heterogeneity in Human Activities Favors the Persistence of Wolves in Agroecosystems

摘要: As human populations expand, there is increasing demand and pressure for land. Under this scenario, behavioural flexibility adaptation become important processes leading to the persistence of large carnivores in human-dominated landscapes such as agroecosystems. A growing interest has recently emerged on outcome coexistence between wolves humans these systems. It been suggested that spatial heterogeneity activities would be a major environmental factor modulating vulnerability contentious species Here, we combined information from 35 den sites detected 2011 2012 agroecosystems western Iran (Hamedan province), set variables measured at landscape fine scales, generalized linear models identify patterns site selection by highly-modified agroecosystem. On level, selected mixture rangelands with scattered dry-farms hillsides (showing low use) locate their dens, avoiding areas high densities settlements primary roads. scale, primarily excavated dens into sides elevated steep-slope hills availability water bodies vicinity sites, were relegated dig places coarse-soil particles. Our results suggest could compensated existence activities. Such favor wolf favoring land sharing model people.