Essentials of Insulinoma Localization with Selective Arterial Calcium Stimulation and Hepatic Venous Sampling

摘要: Insulinomas are the most common functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Most insulinomas can be localized non-invasively with cross-sectional and nuclear imaging. Selective arterial calcium stimulation hepatic venous sampling is an effective safe minimally-invasive procedure for insulinoma localization that may utilized when non-invasive techniques inconclusive. The procedure’s technical success proper interpretation of its results dependent on interventional radiologist’s knowledge normal variant perfusion. Accurate pre-operative aids in successful surgical resection. Technical anatomic considerations selective reviewed.