HIV cure and eradication: how will we get from the laboratory to effective clinical trials?

摘要: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has led to a major reduction in HIV-related mortality and morbidity; however, HIV can still not be cured. Achieving either functional cure (long-term control of the absence cART) or sterilizing (elimination all HIV-infected cells) remains challenge. The most significant barrier is establishment latent 'silent' infection resting CD4 + T cells. Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment intensification with additional antiretrovirals little impact on reservoirs. Some potential other approaches may reduce reservoir include very early initiation cART use agents could reverse infection. Drugs such as histone deacetylase inhibitors, currently used licensed for some cancers; methylation inhibitors; cytokines IL-7 activators nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) prostratin, show promising activity reversing latency vitro when alone combination. Alternate strategies using gene modify expression CCR5 therefore make cells resistant HIV. This review will primarily focus advantages disadvantages methods being quantify persistent virus ex vivo patients receiving aimed at are beingtested development. In addition, we discuss key issues need addressed successfully move laboratory research curing