Spatiotemporal variations in resources affect activity and movement patterns of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) at high density

作者: Ariane Massé , Steeve D. Côté

DOI: 10.1139/CJZ-2012-0297

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摘要: Although activity budget, movements, and habitat use of herbivores have been extensively studied, few studies simultaneously examined these behaviors at several temporal scales. We investigated the influence spatiotemporal variations in forage climate on movement patterns white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) high density, a predator-free ecosystem impacted by long-term browsing. used GPS telemetry sensors to monitor seasonal budgets, within home ranges 24 female three scales: (1) season, (2) (3) daily. At large scale, were less active moved during winter than summer. Within each reduced their movements areas where resources abundant when climatic conditions more difficult. On daily summer peaked dusk, but selection neither changed with period day nor (foraging vs. resting). These results provide empirical evidence how environmental constraints can modulate trade-offs between acquisition exposure limiting factors. Resume : Bien que le budget d'activite, les deplacements et l'utilisation de l'habitat des ont ete largement etudies, peu d'etudes examine ces comportements simultanement plusieurs echelles temporelles. Nous avons evalue l'influence varia- tions spatiotemporelles ressources alimentaires meteorologiques sur comportement d'approvisionnement cerfs Virginie vivant ahaute densite, dans un environnement sans predateurs naturels ou broutement intensif profondement modifie communautes vegetales presentes. utilise colliers munis capteurs d'activite pour examiner patrons d'utilisation domaines vitaux femelles cerf atrois temporelles saisonniere, intra-saisonniere journaliere. A l'echelle saisons, etaient deux fois moins actifs se deplacaient durant l'hiver l'ete. Dans une meme saison, diminue leur niveau leurs zones domaine vital abondantes lorsque rigoureuses. journaliere, plus grands au crepuscule, mais n'ont pas change selon la periode du jour type (alimentation repos). Ces resultats demontrent comment contraintes milieu peuvent moduler compromis entre l'acquisition nourriture l'exposition aux facteurs limitants. Mots-cles intensif, Virginie, deplacements, fonction ressources, haute Odocoileus virginianus, alimentaires, l'habitat, saisonnieres.

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