On the biochemical systematics of selected mammalian taxa: empirical comparison of qualitative and quantitative approaches in the evaluation of protein electrophoretic data

摘要: Empirical data sets of Artiodactyla (Antilocapridae, Bovidae, Cervidae, Suidae), Carnivora (Mustelidae) and Rodentia (Sciuridae, Cricetidae, Arvicolidae, Muridae), obtained by horizontal starch el electrophoresis 15–34 isoenzyme sstems, were used to calculate genetic distances construct phylogenetic trees the following methods: Nei's D (corrected for small sample sizes) - UPGMA, FITCH, KITSCH (out Felsenstein's PHYLIP-package); Rogers-distance distance-Wanger tree; maximum likelihood approach (cavalli-Sforza-Edwards); parsimony method (wagner); Hennigian cladogram. The results re-examined using statisticar methods jackknife bootstrap. problems became apparent studied in more detail: inconstancy molecular evolutionary rate among taxa, non-uniformity isoenzymes, possible convergence alloenzymes, different histories taxa (radiations/bottlenecks), methodological influences sizes / rare alleles, comparability sets). show, that many branches various are fairly constant. ambiguous position remaining OTU's is due insufficient evidence primary rather than theroperties cluster algorithms. However, since these problematic cases also uncertain phylogenies based on morphological characters palaeontological results, even an increased set may not lead a cyear decision unless additional crucial importance examined. Molecular seems be accelerated some cases, possibly random fixation alleles during bottlenecks, when highly polymorpic ancestral form underwent series adaptive radiations. Isoenzymes can divided into groups with rates. Thus, only comparable respect variability differentiation, they contain similar amount representatives each categories.