摘要: The evolution of the subfamily Caprinae follows much same pattern as does that other families whose species are distributed from tropics to Arctic (Geist 1971a,b, 1977, 1978a, 1983, 1985a, 1986b). A similar is found in gallinaceous birds 1977). This very evolutionary analysis indicates segregation rupicaprids caprids an artefact. In recent decades we have learned about ungulates, yet taxonomic models were developed earlier on basis morphological differences little understood. We now gaining understanding. I hope show progression out rupicaprids, and their a consequence exploiting open habitats opposed those rich cover, well result colonisation cold, seasonal climates.