Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis.

摘要: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic (CE) are severe helminthic zoonoses. Echinococcus multilocularis (causative agent of AE) is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere where it typically maintained a wild animal cycle including canids as definitive hosts rodents intermediate hosts. The species granulosus, ortleppi, canadensis intermedius causative agents CE with worldwide distribution highly variable human disease burden different endemic areas depending upon behavioural risk factors, diversity ecology host assemblages and genetic within which differ their zoonotic potential pathogenicity. Both AE regarded neglected zoonoses, higher overall for due to its global high regional prevalence, but pathogenicity case fatality rate AE, especially Asia. Over past two decades, numerous studies have addressed epidemiology these worldwide, resulting better-defined boundaries areas. This chapter presents maps and summarizes data on assemblages, transmission, prevalence hosts, incidence people and molecular epidemiology.