Animal models of anti-HIV drugs exposure during pregnancy: effects on neurobehavioral development.

摘要: In the last 10 years, zidovudine (AZT) has become main prophylactic therapy against vertical HIV-1 transmission. AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 076 have demonstrated that administration of AZT to HIV-infected women during their third trimester pregnancy, trough labor and given orally babies for 6 weeks, reduced by two-thirds rate infection. Although rapid diffusion this regimen into clinical practice together with implementation HIV counseling testing practices dramatically transmission in US Western Europe, there is a growing concern on adverse effects antiretroviral fetus newborn. fact, even though shorter therapies are less complex expensive implement poor countries been as effective ACTG regimen, distribution risk developing still very high. Consequently, large number unborns will be candidate developmental exposure agents. To date, data transplacental mutagenicity, carcinogenicity mitochondrial dysfunction induced reported several animal models. Furthermore, one study severe yet few human cases cardiomyopathy neurological disease likely associated uninfected infants seropositive mothers perinatally exposed AZT. For all these reasons, many investigations focusing assessment potential nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NRTI) development. A survey results derived from studies here, those neurobehavioral looking specific and/or aspecific changes nervous system NRTI utero.