Nutritional risk predictors of β cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes at a young age

摘要: Type 1 diabetes is an immune-mediated disease characterized by a preclinical prodrome during which beta cell autoimmunity proceeds at variable rate. Large geographic differences and conspicuous increase in incidence, especially among young children since the 1950s, relatively low concordance identical twins are factors that favor critical role of environmental etiology this disease. Only approximately 5% or fewer subjects with HLA-conferred genetic susceptibility to type actually develop clinical Breastfeeding, nicotinamide, zinc, vitamins C, D, E have been reported as possibly protecting against diabetes, whereas N-nitroso compounds, cow milk, increased linear growth, obesity may risk. Thus far, only significance infant feeding, vitamin D studied both case-control cohort settings. The major shortcoming most studies done so far single dietary exposures assessed time points. Putative nutritional other confounding received little attention limitations methods used. There firm evidence diabetes. availability good markers risk decreased sample sizes needed made longitudinal assessment children's diets feasible.