Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of source-sink dynamics.

摘要: Many factors affect the presence and exchange of individuals among subpopulations influence not only emergence, but strength ensuing source-sink dynamics within metapopulations. Yet their relative contributions remain largely unexplored. To help identify characteristics empirical systems that are likely to exhibit strong versus weak inform differential management, we compared roles influential in strengthening dynamics. In a series controlled experiments spatially explicit individual-based model framework, varied patch quality, size, dispersion high- low-quality patches, population growth rates, dispersal distances, environmental stochasticity factorial design. We then recorded emerged from simulated habitat factors. Long-term differences births deaths were quantified for sources sinks each system used statistical rank influences key Our results suggest with species capable rapid growth, occupying patches more disparate qualities, interspersed higher- lower-quality habitats, experience relatively stable environments (i.e., fewer negative perturbations) Strong under diverse combinations factors, suggesting simple inferences process pattern will be inadequate predict assess also it may difficult detect accurately measure slow-growing populations, highly variable environments, where subtle gradient quality exists.