LC–MS untargeted metabolomics assesses the delayed response of glufosinate treatment of transgenic glufosinate resistant (GR) buffalo grasses ( Stenotaphrum secundatum L.)

摘要: Glufosinate resistant (GR) buffalo grasses were genetically modified to resist the broad-spectrum herbicide, glufosinate by inserting a novel pat gene into its genome. This modification results in production of additional phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) detoxify deleterious effects glufosinate. The GR and associated herbicide form modern, weeding program, to eradicate obnoxious weeds turf lawn without damaging at relatively low costs labor. As with several principal crops which are improve agricultural traits, biosafety is inevitably expected become public concern. For first time, we had previously examined metabolome glufosinate-resistant grasses, using GC–MS untargeted approach assess risk as well identify any pleotropic arising from process. In this paper, an high-resolution LC–MS (LC–HRMS) metabolomics was carried out complement our previous findings respect wild type (WT) grasses. One major aims present work compare WT including detection secondary determine unprecedented metabolic changes. Eight-week old plants 4 (93-1A, 93-2B, 93-3 C 93-5A) 3 varieties (WT 8-4A, 9-1B 9-1B) submerged either 5 % v/v or distilled water days prior LC–HRMS based analysis (glufosinate-treated control, samples, respectively). An Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) system coupled Velos Pro Orbitrap mass spectrometer employed holistically measure primary both treated subsequently apply bioinformatic tools automated pathway algorithm, mummichog. clearly identified that global metabolite pools cultivars highly similar, providing strong, supporting evidence substantial equivalence between varieties. These indicate if risks these somehow present, would be within those acceptable ranges WT. Additionally, mummichog-based indicated phenylalanine metabolism TCA cycle significantly impacted treatment cultivar. It possible alterations relative concentrations intermediates pathways likely due glufosinate-induced metabolites enhance plant defense mechanisms against herbicidal stress expense metabolism. found near identical comparator on complementary metabolomics. Therefore, further support safe use evidence. Interestingly, despite protected PAT, still demonstrated response up-regulating some metabolite-related pathways.