The effects of temperature and dose of formic acid on treatment efficacy against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), a parasite of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

摘要: In order to decrease the variability of formic acid treatments against honey bee parasite varroa mite, Varroa destructor, it is necessary determine dose-time combination that best controls mites without harming bees. The concentration × time (CT) product a valuable tool for studying fumigants and how they might perform under various environmental conditions. This laboratory study an assessment efficacy mite range concentrations temperatures. objectives are 1) effect temperature dose on worker survival, 2) CT50 products both bees 3) optimize selectivity treatment control mites. Worker were fumigated at 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 mg/L 5, 15, 25, 35 °C 12 d. Mite mortality assessed regular intervals. Both survival affected by dose. Doses 0.08 effective killing all temperatures tested above 5 °C. There was significant interaction between temperature, dose, species product. difference only few temperature-dose combinations. CT values showed most greatest fumigation efficiency occurred lower doses acid. However, when