French and Mediterranean-style diets: Contradictions, misconceptions and scientific facts-A review

摘要: The determination of appropriate dietary strategies for the prevention chronic degenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases remains a challenging highly relevant issue worldwide. Epidemiological interventions have been studied decades with contrasting impacts on human health. Moreover, research scientists physicians long debated diets encouraging alcohol intake, such as Mediterranean French-style diets, regard to their impact Understanding effects these may help improve in treatment diseases. However, further studies are warranted determine which individual food components, or combinations thereof, beneficial different since large number compounds occur single food, fate vivo is difficult measure. Most explanations positive Mediterranean-style diet, French paradox, focused largely properties antioxidants, among other compounds/metabolites, foods red wine. Wine traditional alcoholic beverage that has associated both healthy harmful effects. Not withstanding some doubts, there reasonable unanimity researchers moderate wine consumption disease, osteoporosis, longevity, ascribed polyphenolic present Despite this, conflicting findings regarding health, contradictory concerning non-alcoholic components resveratrol, led confusion consumers. In addition contradictions misconceptions, paucity confirming known polyphenols vivo. Furthermore, balancing unknown prognostic factors mostly conducted vitro using animal models. current shifted focus from dairy products, cheese, explain paradox. aim this review highlight contradictions, scientific facts about wines giving special disease health improvement. To answer multiplicity questions diet specific relieve consumer uncertainty promote comprehensive cross-demographic latest technologies, include foodomics integrated omics approaches, warranted.