Mucosal vaccination with attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces strong central memory responses and protects against tuberculosis.

摘要: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global pandaemic, partially due to the failure of vaccination approaches. Novel anti-TB vaccines are therefore urgently required. Here we show that aerosol immunization macaques with Mtb mutant in SigH (MtbΔsigH) results significant recruitment inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) as well CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing activation proliferation markers lungs. Further, findings indicate pulmonary MtbΔsigH elicited strong central memory T-cell responses lung. Vaccination protection against lethal TB challenge, evidenced by an approximately three log reduction bacterial burdens, significantly diminished clinical manifestations granulomatous pathology characterized presence profound iBALT. This highly protective response virtually absent unvaccinated BCG-vaccinated animals after challenge. These suggest future vaccine candidates can be developed on basis MtbΔsigH.