Metabolomics of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: Advances and applications.

摘要: Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Withania somnifera L. (Solanaceae), commonly known as Ashwagandha or Indian ginseng, is used in Ayurveda (Indian system of traditional medicine) for vitality, cardio-protection and treating other ailments, such neurological disorders, gout, skin diseases. Aim the review We present a critical overview information on metabolomics W. highlight significance technique use quality control medicinal products. have also pointed out to distinguish varieties identify best methods cultivation, collection, well extraction. Material The relevant value, phytochemical studies, somnifera, their applications were collected from rigorous electronic search through scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web Science Google Scholar. Structures selected metabolites PubChem. Results pharmacological activities documented. Roots are most important parts plant Ayurvedic preparations. Stem leaves rich content bioactive phytochemicals like steroidal lactones, alkaloids, phenolic acids. Metabolomic studies revealed that metabolite profiles depended developmental stage plant, besides season sample collection geographical location. levels withanolides variable, depending morpho/chemotypes within species somnifera. Although initiated several years ago, complexity secondary was not realized due lack adequate fool-proof technology fingerprinting. Sophistications chromatography coupled mass spectrometry facilitated discovery new metabolites. Mutually complementary techniques LC-MS, GC-MS, HPTLC, NMR employed obtain comprehensive metabolomic profile. Subsequent data analyses searches against spectral databases enabled annotation signals dereplication numbers without isolating them individually. Conclusions provides update diverse application technique. identification parameters standardization herbal products essential facilitate mandatory checks purity formulation. Such would enable us location plants time collection. recommend analysis based novel compounds.