To What Extent Do Age, Period, and Cohort Patterns Account for Time Trends and Social Inequalities in
作者： Daniela Piontek , Ludwig Kraus , Stefanie Müller , Alexander Pabst
DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911/A000047
关键词:
摘要: Aims: This paper evaluates nonconfounded and independent age, period, cohort effects on time trends social disparities in smoking behavior. Methods: Data from nine waves of the German Epidemiological Survey Substance Abuse (ESA) conducted between 1980 2009 were used. A total N = 73,782 individuals aged 18 older included analyses. Using cross-clas- sified random-effects models, fixed age (level 1) as well random periods cohorts 2) 30-day prevalence average number cigarettes per day estimated. Analyses stratified by socioeconomic status (SES). Results: Independent SES, positive curvilinear emerged. Prevalence amount declined sharply over revealed an inversion gradient 2003. was due to a stronger decrease highest SES group compared other groups. Cohort nonlinear inconsistent.Conclusion: The emergence increasing implies need specifically address situation low-SES groups when developing tobacco control measures.
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