The phase-boundary potential model.

摘要: The response of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) can be described on the basis two different theoretical approaches. On one hand, phase-boundary model is based assumption local equilibria at aqueous/organic interface. allows description all practically relevant cases steady state and even transient responses with sufficient accuracy. Moreover, it has advantage relating simple thermodynamic parameters to function hence allowing an intuitive interpretation many observed facts. other comprehensive but quite involved dynamic requires knowledge mobilities ion transfer rate constants. It never been applied ionophore-based in its full complexity. Both models were first suggested decades ago have recently extended explain so far poorly understood aspects ISEs. Due space restrictions, only most important original references are given this paper, which summarizes major assumptions potential discusses usefulness limits approach. Recent applications discussed towards understanding sensor selectivity, upper lower detection (even when concentration polarizations relevant), so-called sandwich membrane method determine parameters, apparently non-Nernstian responses, drifts solid contact electrodes, polyion sensors, galvanostatically controlled sensors.