Inherited predisposition to colon cancer.

摘要: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in United States. Although both genetic and environmental factors play a role colorectal tumorigenesis, recent advances genetics have more clearly defined impact inheritance multistep process disease. Researchers identified single genes that confer susceptibility to familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) hereditary nonpolyposis (HNPCC). Because these are inherited an autosomal dominant fashion, offspring carriers 50% chance inheriting gene mutation its associated risk. The FAP gene, when mutated, initiates neoplastic process. HNPCC mutations disrupt mismatch repair, thus inducing progression tumor formation. Discovery has helped our understanding sporadic colon as well. Genetic testing for now available, results this implications surveillance management. In addition, raises complex psychosocial ethical issues. At present, primarily conducted research setting, but it will soon be available clinical arena. To prepare challenges new nurses must begin enhance their knowledge application oncology.