Theoretical and experimental approaches to the deposition and clearance of ultrafine carcinogens in the human respiratory tract.

摘要: Introduction:  Although inhaled ultrafine particles (UFPs) represent serious lung burdens and are thus responsible for a remarkable number of respiratory diseases (including cancer), only limited information on their deposition clearance in the compartments is available. The study presented here tries to overcome this deficit by using detailed theoretical approach UFP behavior lungs. Methods:  model used context based upon stochastic geometry generation single-particle trajectories tracheobronchial tree according random walk algorithm. Simulation conducted with help multi-compartment that considers cellular/non-cellular sites temporary particle storage as separate compartments. Results:  As predicted models confirmed experimental findings, UFPs Brownian motion takes place both upper lower tract. Alveolar accumulation particulate mass increases proportionally inhalative flow rate. Clearance chiefly dominated slow mechanisms respective half-times ranging from several days months. Discussion:  Modeling tract represents an appropriate tool forthcoming medical studies class, but it needs be subjected further refinements. •  As outlined study, alveolar UFPs, correlating noticeable risk malignant transformations cancer development, determined factors, including effective size velocity transport conducting airways. •  With appropriately validated models, predictions pulmonary after short-term or long-term exposure can made. In case subjects suffering bronchial and/or overloads, approaches may applied simulate removal scenarios.