Theory of Structure and Phase Transitions in Globular Microemulsions

摘要: A phenomenological theory for the structure and phase behavior of a dilute, three-component microemulsion is reviewed. The equilibrium system noninteracting globules calculated from elasticity surfactant layer. Spherical, cylindrical, lamellar structures are predicted as function concentration. effects thermal fluctuations on these considered. For spheres, main effect polydispersity sphere sizes shapes; cylinders, result in wormlike that can behave like polymers solution. Interactions between discussed spherical systems. Evidence attractive interactions We show how attractions modify scattering, diagrams, transport properties microemulsions. model exhibits critical point prior to two-phase coexistence, first-order separation (emulsification failure), three-phase equilibrium. In single-phase region, clustering due tends dramatically lower percolation threshold (assuming particles conducting), while dynamic rearrangements clusters exponents onset transitions.