Roaring counts are not suitable for the monitoring of red deer Cervus elaphus population abundance

摘要: The successful management of large herbivores requires the monitoring a set indicators ecological change (IEC) describing animal performance, herbivore impact on habitat and relative abundance. Roaring counts during rut have often been used to assess abundance red deer Cervus elaphus populations, but formal evaluation this method is still lacking. In paper, we examined usefulness number recorded roaring for managing populations. Using standardised spotlight applied at La Petite Pierre, France, as reference method, found that did not correlate with counts. Moreover, find any evidence decreased increasing male female harvested in reserve previous hunting season. We thus conclude managers should rely