Toxicity reference values for methylmercury effects on avian reproduction: Critical review and analysis

摘要: Effects of mercury (Hg) on birds have been studied extensively and with increasing frequency in recent years. The authors conducted a comprehensive review methylmercury (MeHg) effects bird reproduction, evaluating laboratory field studies which observed could be attributed primarily to Hg. focuses exposures via diet maternal transfer (or lack thereof) were reported relative Hg concentrations diet, eggs, or adult blood. Applicable data identified for 23 species. From this set, the ranges toxicity reference values suitable risk-assessment applications. Typical effect thresholds are approximately 0.2 mg/kg >1.4 mg/kg 0.05 mg/kg/d 0.5 mg/kg/d dose basis, 0.6 mg/kg 2.7 mg/kg 2.1 mg/kg >6.7 mg/kg parental blood (all wet wt basis). For avian blood, represents first broad compilation relevant data. dietary exposures, current support TRVs that greater than older, commonly used TRVs. older diet-based incorporate conservative assumptions uncertainty factors no longer justified, although they generally appropriate when originally derived, because past limitations. egg-based from more similar other previously derived but updated new information studies. While important research needs remain, key recommendation is species not yet tested MeHg should evaluated using body weights. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:294-319. © 2016 SETAC.