Extinction vulnerability in marine populations

摘要: Human impacts on the world's oceans have been substantial, leading to concerns about extinction of marine taxa. We compiled 133 local, regional and global extinctions populations. There is typically a 53-year lag between last sighting an organism reported date at whatever scale this has occurred. Most disappearances (80%) were detected using indirect historical comparative methods, which suggests that may underestimated because low-detection power. Exploitation caused most losses various scales (55%), followed closely by habitat loss (37%), while remainder linked invasive species, climate change, pollution disease. Several perceptions concerning vulnerability organisms appear be too general insufficiently conservative. Marine species cannot considered less vulnerable basis biological attributes such as high fecundity or large-scale dispersal characteristics. For commercially exploited it often argued economic populations will occur before extinction, but not case for non-target caught in multispecies fisheries with commercial value, especially if value increases become rare. The perceived potential recovery, variability low fish invoked avoid listing fishes under international threat criteria. However, we need learn more hampered negative population growth small sizes (Allee effect depensation) ecosystem shifts, well spatial dynamics connectivity subpopulations can truly understand nature responses severe depletions. evidence do fluctuate than those mammals, birds butterflies, exhibit similar butterflies. urgent improved methods detecting scales, predicting species.