Novel Biomarkers of Cardiac Stress, Cardiovascular Dysfunction, and Outcomes in HIV-Infected Individuals

摘要: Abstract Objectives This study sought to determine whether biomarkers ST2, growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and high-sensitivity troponin I are elevated in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated with cardiovascular dysfunction all-cause mortality. Background HIV-infected have high rates of disease. Markers myocardial stress may identify at-risk provide additional prognostic information. Methods Biomarkers echocardiograms were assessed 332 50 age- sex-matched control subjects. Left ventricular systolic was defined as ejection fraction  Results Patients HIV had a median age 49 years, 80% male. Compared subjects, higher adjusted percent estimates all except ST2 interleukin-6. Among patients, 45% DD; only DD (relative risk [RR]: 1.36; p = 0.047). rare this cohort (5%). Pulmonary hypertension present 27% GDF-15 (RR: 1.18; 0.04), NT-proBNP (RR: 1.18; 0.007), cystatin C 1.54; p = 0.03). Thirty-eight deaths occurred among over 6.1 years. In analysis, mortality independently predicted by (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.04; 0.010), (HR: 1.42; p = 0.0054), C-reactive protein 1.25; 0.023), D-dimer 1.49; 0.029). Relationships unchanged when analyses restricted virally suppressed receiving antiretroviral therapy. Conclusions both mortality, these variables be useful at identifying those for developing events death.