Spatial Concepts and Cognitive Models for Geographic Information Use

摘要: Human spatial cognition appears to operate differently in manipulable (small scale) spaces and geographic (large spaces. Although some fundamental concepts may apply for both kinds of spaces, the relative salience be quite different. Geographic information systems (GIS) represent entities them, but users interact with these as if they were manipulable, through representations that appear This difference scales representation action is not new, people have long reasoned about while looking at or remembering graphical maps, which, like GIS displays equipment, are entities. Part power utility maps comes from their natural space-in-space representations, since different how think reason extent misrepresent show. Montello captured essence this dilemma when he asserted: Maps [geographical] themselves instances [manipulable] space...[he] therefore expect[s] psychological study map use draw directly on psychology space rather than space. [14, p. 315]