Outbreak of fatal nitrate toxicosis associated with consumption of fennels (Foeniculum vulgare) in cattle farmed in Campania region (southern Italy).

摘要: Nitrate and nitrite are toxicants that have become increasingly significant environmental chemicals. Increase in distribution of nitrogenous compounds, especially surface ground water, has been attributed to the intensive use nitrate as agricultural fertilizers increasing amounts wastes produced by municipalities, industries, feedlots. The purpose this study is illustrate a fatal toxicosis cattle associated with consumption fennels (Foeniculum vulgare). Fifteen cows from same farm suddenly developed weakness, muscular tremors, respiratory distress, finally convulsions. affected animals died within 24 48 h onset clinical signs. Five underwent complete post-mortem examination. In all examined animals, gross lesions included presence dark unclotted blood around nostrils anal region, moderate inflammation gastrointestinal mucosa, brown discoloration skeletal muscles kidneys. histological examination showed tubular degeneration congestion glomerular vessels kidney. Toxicological analysis detected nitrates at 4 672.2 ppm used feed animals. source exposure was identified fennels. were grown polluted area Campania region southern Italy distributed public market for human consumption. waste sale fed cows. accumulation some vegetables poses risk not only animal health but also safety.