Le traitement d’urgence de l’anaphylaxie chez les nourrissons et les enfants

作者: A Cheng , ,

DOI: 10.1093/PCH/16.1.41

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摘要: L’anaphylaxie est un trouble medical grave et aigu au potentiel fatal cause par la liberation systemique de mediateurs des mastocytes basophiles, souvent en reponse a allergene (1,2). On estime que l’incidence patients atteints d’anaphylaxie qui se presentent departement d’urgence (DU) quatre cas sur 1 000 visites DU (0,1 % 0,4 %) (3–5). finit determiner l’element declencheur reaction anaphylactique dans seulement le tiers ces presentations. Un aliment plus courant, suivi pres les piqures d’hymenopteres (abeille ou guepe) medicaments (6). Lorsqu’un declencheur, arachides, noix, poissons, lait, œufs fruits mer (p. ex., crevettes, homard, crabe, petoncles huitres) sont produits impliques reactions fatales quasi-fatales (7,8). Meme si signes symptomes cliniques peuvent toucher systemes multiorganiques (tableau 1), manifestations cutanees comme l’urticaire, prurit, l’œdeme Quincke bouffees vasomotrices ont tendance manifester chez majorite enfants (80 90 ayant une anaphylaxie. Parmi inquietants, l’atteinte respiratoire semble predominer, 60 70 anaphylactiques etant touches. L’atteinte cardiovasculaire rare, puisque 10 30 anaphylactiquesmanifestentdessignesdetroublescardiovasculaires, y compris etourdissements, l’hypotension syncope (2,3). TABLEAU 1 Les

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