Interruption of Chagas disease transmission in the Andean countries: Colombia.

摘要: From a total population of 360 million people living in areas endemic for Chagas disease, it is estimated that at least 100 are exposed to the risk infection, and 16 18 currently infected with causative agent, Trypanosoma cruzi. According estimates 1991 by World Health Organization, approximately 500,000 become each year absence control programmes, 300,000 out this number children. The mortality rate can reach 5 15% during initial acute phase infection. In Colombia, first case disease was reported 1929. Since then, numerous studies have contributed our epidemiological knowledge (Marinkelle 1975), now there 1,3 country, further 3,6 considered since they live regions known harbour domestic insect vectors. Fig. 1 shows vectorial transmission their different levels. Twenty species triatomine vectors been Colombia. most important terms those close association humans, cracks crevices rural dwellings emerging night suck blood sleeping occupants. Rhodnius prolixus, main vector followed importance Triatoma dimidata T. maculata. Other such as R. robustus, brethesi, pallescens venosa generally silvatic habit, rarely coming contact humans so lesser significance (D’Alessandro et al. 1981). cruzi depends on several factors, geographical distribution, density or peridomestic populations, preference feeding other vertebrates, frequency, susceptibility capacity produce infective metacyclic trypomastigote forms All these taken whole, implementation programmes surveillance transmission. probably account over 90% T.cruzi but also occur via transfusion from donors. This Colombia where an average 450,000 bloodunits/year used, prevalence infection donors ranges 3.3% areas, 1.3% non-endemic areas.