Depression and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: a role for inflammation and immunomodulation?

摘要: The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is complex and not fully understood, most probably because the multiplicity factors involved. Inflammatory abnormal immune responses have been hypothesized to play a crucial role in PD. Not only brain, but also peripherally, inflammation believed contribute onset progression neurodegenerative process seen Furthermore, increased inflammatory described both brain peripheral blood PD subjects. Although considered motor disorder, nonmotor symptoms are extremely frequent disabling. Cognitive impairment mood alterations such that deserve attention since on one hand they can appear even before typical disturbances recognized, other associated with high morbidity mortality. A growing body evidence suggests existence link between inflammatory-immune occurrence depression cognitive patients. However, all data equally conclusive sometimes conflicting. aim this brief review give an overview possible immunomodulation may together their putative impact alterations. What clearly emerges from work fact studies performed until now lack standardized comparable methods analyze clinical biological parameters. It thus difficult conclusively changes underlying pathological mechanisms. Additional direction warranted convincingly establish or refute any causative relation.