Bone substitutes: new concepts

摘要: The filling of bone defects resulting from trauma or surgical resections tumors requires grafts substitutes. Bone substitute must be biocompatible, osteoconductive, and present good mechanical properties. Among biomaterials classicaly used, calcium phosphate ceramic appear to suitable alternatives grafts. Calcium are known able promote new formation on contact have been already used for the repair periodontal defects, orthopaedic maxillofacial applications. However, if these ceramics possess osteoconductive characteristics, they do not no intrinsic osteinductive capability. They were unable induce in extraosseous site. Therefore inadapted fill large lesions, especially since little with bone. Thus, clinical applications may restricted. Two main concepts envisaged develop substitutes osteogenic capacity. first concern combination osteoprogenitors. These osteoprogenitors can obtained total marrow, mononuclear cell fraction clone marrow osteoblastic progenitors explants. second concept association factors plasmid DNA a drug delivery system. growth hormone, transforming factor, morphogentetic protein, antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs antiosteoporotic agents improve osteoinduction ceramic. types “hybrid material” as materials future.