A trade-off between reproduction and a condition-dependent sexually selected ornament in the house sparrow Passer domesticus.

摘要: Reproductive effort was manipulated in a free–living population of house sparrows ( Passer domesticus ) to investigate the trade–off between reproductive investment and expression condition–dependent sexually selected ornament. Phenotypic plasticity this trait related experimentally size brood reared by male. Males that invested more current reproduction subsequently became attractive females as they showed preference for males with smaller badges. This supports argument direct benefits are primary focus mate choice females. Trade–offs sexual ornaments potentially important source phenotypic variation both lifehistory traits.