Natural source zone depletion of LNAPL: A critical review supporting modelling approaches.

摘要: Natural source zone depletion (NSZD) of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) includes partitioning, transport and degradation LNAPL components. NSZD is being considered as a site closure option during later stages active remediation contaminated sites, where mass removal limiting. To ensure meets compliance criteria to design enhanced actions if required, residual risks posed by its long term behaviour require estimation. Prediction long-term trends requires linking physicochemical partitioning processes with bioprocesses at multiple scales within modelling framework. Here we expand build on the knowledge base recent review NSZD, establish key understanding required model term. We describe challenges our understanding, inclusive dominance methanogenic or aerobic biodegradation processes, potentially changeability rates due weathering profile product types ages, linkages underlying bioprocesses. critically discuss different in subsurface simulation NSZD. Focusing Darcy scale, 36 models addressing importance are investigated. investigate capabilities accommodate more than 20 transformation phenomena present comparisons several tables. applicability each group for specific conditions.