Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 fitness and tropism: concept, quantification, and clinical relevance.

摘要: Two distinct aspects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) biopathology with important implications for the management treated patients have emerged during last decade: changes in relative viral fitness, and tropism. First, it has been observed that HIV-1 accumulates deleterious mutations leading to drug resistance different degrees reduction fitness antiretroviral therapy (ART). Although latter normally parallel a failure ART resulting from selection resistant mutants, drop replication capacity may be beneficial host. Moreover, specific antiviral compounds aimed at reducing could developed. Analysis determinants highly evolving populations shown extinction also obtained by forcing dynamic through increased (lethal) mutagenesis abolishes (violation error threshold). It great interest near future address this point strategies specifically planned molecular level. Furthermore, diagnostic evaluation limited master sequence low predictive value rapidly populations. These observations, together evidence all methodologies currently used analysis limitations, strongly suggest further research is warranted. This should use sensitive flexible technologies evaluate directly vivo or ex vivo, not only dominant but minority variants. Second, discovery two main co-receptors HIV-1, CCR5 CXCR4, led better understanding interaction envelope host cells development novel therapeutic agents inhibit entry. In perspective, tropism acquired major role.