Tug-of-war between dissimilar teams of microtubule motors regulates transport and fission of endosomes

摘要: Intracellular transport is interspersed with frequent reversals in direction due to the presence of opposing kinesin and dynein motors on organelles that are carried as cargo. The cause mechanism unknown, but a key understanding how cargos delivered regulated manner specific cellular locations. Unlike established single-motor biophysical assays, this problem requires cooperative behavior multiple interacting motors. Here we present measurements inside live Dictyostelium cells, cell extract purified quantify such an ensemble function We show through precise motion analysis during endosome caused by tug-of-war between dynein. Further, use combination optical trap-based force Monte Carlo simulations make surprising discovery uses many (approximately four eight) weak detachment-prone dyneins against single strong tenacious kinesin. elucidate clever choice dissimilar motor teams achieves net together fission, both which important controlling balance endocytic sorting. To best our knowledge, unique demonstration differently at molecular level cells difference used process, namely biogenesis. Our work may provide platform understand intracellular variety terms measurable quantities.