Complex interplay of evolutionary forces shaping population genomic structure of invasive Aedes albopictus in southern Europe.

摘要: Background In the last four decades, Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, vector of several human arboviruses, has spread from its native range in South-East Asia to all over world, largely through transportation eggs via international trade used tires. Albania was first country invaded Europe 1979, followed by Italy 1990 and other Mediterranean countries after 2000. Methods/Principal findings We here inferred invasion history migration patterns Ae. albopictus (today most heavily-infested Europe), Greece Albania, analyzing a panel >100,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained sequencing double-digest Restriction site-Associated DNA (ddRADseq). The dataset combined with samples previously analyzed both invasive worldwide interpret results using broader spatial historical context. emerging evolutionary scenario complements studies showing that extraordinary expansion occurred thanks multiple independent invasions large numbers colonists geographic locations areas, consistently role tires shipments move worldwide. By mosquitoes nine sites across ~1,000-km transect Italy, we were able detect complex interplay drift, isolation distance mediated divergence, gene flow shaping species very recent expansion, suggesting overall high connectivity, likely due passive adults ground transportation, as well specific adaptations local conditions. Conclusions/Significance Results contribute characterize one successful histories animal invasion, could be baseline for future track epidemiologically relevant characters (e.g. insecticide resistance).