Three-dimensional localization of cortical electrodes in deep brain stimulation surgery from intraoperative fluoroscopy.

摘要: Electrophysiological recordings from subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes implanted temporarily during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgeries offer a unique opportunity to record cortical activity for research purposes. The optimal utilization of this important method relies on accurate and robust localization ECoG electrodes, intraoperative fluoroscopy is often the only imaging modality available visualize electrode locations. However, three-dimensional position using two-dimensional fluoroscopic image problematic due lost dimension orthogonal image, parallax distortion implicit fluoroscopy, variability visible skull contour among images. Here, we present project onto reconstructed surface by leveraging numerous common landmarks translate, rotate, scale coregistered computed tomography (CT) magnetic resonance (MRI) surfaces in order recreate coordinate framework which was acquired, while accounting distortion. Validation approach demonstrated high precision with an average total Euclidian distance between three independent reviewers 1.65±0.68mm across 8 patients 82 electrodes. Spatial accuracy confirmed correspondence recorded neural over sensorimotor cortex hand movement. This semi-automated interface reliably estimates location surface.