Organic anion, organic cation and zwitterion transporters of the SLC22 and SLC47 superfamily (OATs, OCTs, OCTNs and MATEs)

摘要: There are 23 transporter proteins in the SLC22 family, which divided into several subgroups including organic cation transporters (OCTs), carnitine/organic (OCTNs), anion (OATs) and urate 1 (URAT1). Although MATE1/SLC47A1 MATE2/SLC47A2 belong to SLC they efflux localized on apical membrane of organ barriers. Inhibition a multidrug toxin extrusion (MATE) may be clinically relevant for DDIs with oral antidiabetic drugs, addition inhibition uptake OCTs, such as metformin DDIs. Regulatory agencies require that DDI risks OCT2, OAT1 OAT3 evaluated drug development. MATE decrease renal clearance metformin, thus contributing clinical interactions OCT2. It is emerging this should during OCT3 preferentially expressed brain regions monoamine pathways it considered play an important role stress pathogenesis depression; has potential become new antidepression target. Co-administration OAT inhibitors could reduce antiviral drugs by proximal tubule cells these used prevent nephrotoxicity. URAT1-meditated reabsorption inhibited uricosuric importance treating gout. URAT1 pharmacological target novel drugs.