作者: Kotaro Nishida , James D. Kang , Scott D. Boden , Lars G. Gilbertson , Jun-Kyo Suh
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2126-5_4
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摘要: Spinal disorders remain a formidable problem in orthopaedics and sports medicine. The scope of clinical diagnoses ranges from acute traumatic injuries (e.g., fractures subluxations) to more chronic degenerative conditions disc herniations with radiculopathy or myelopathy). Although the specific underlying most spinal are largely unknown, biomechanical biological changes associated degeneration thought be etiological significance many, making intervertebral primary focus diagnostic investigation management interventions. Unfortunately, few approaches available clinically for treatment prevention degeneration, mandating development novel such as gene therapy.