General blackout in Italy Sunday September 28, 2003, h. 03:28:00

摘要: On September 28, 2003 the Italian power system experienced an electric blackout. The outage affected area with estimated 60 million people and load variation in continental grid from about 24000 MW at early hours of day, up to 50000 during central part day. event which caused blackout began 3:01:00 am proceeded 3:28:00. Power was restored after three North same day large Italy. energy not delivered amounts 180GWh. paper explains major events that occurred as initiated evolved identifies technical causes characterising different phases process, led general It lists sequence interconnection loss reconstructs dynamic unstable phenomena leading separation Europe. subsequent slow death throes separated network a cascade generator tripping is also described final