Application of Tissue Culture to the Germplasm Conservation of Temperate Broad-Leaf Trees

摘要: The recovery and conservation of a broad genetic pool wild domesticated species are essential for the maintenance plant biodiversity. Traditionalex-situconservation systems (i.e., seed field collections), alongsidein-situconservation, make fundamental contribution to preservation resources. Up now these approaches have been only reliable option long-term germplasm woody species, although they several drawbacks. Numerous forest Angiosperms (e.g.,Acerspp.,Quercusspp., chestnut, horsechestnut, many tropical species) non-orthodox (recalcitrant) seeds that quickly loose their viability or subject rapid decrease in germinability during storage (Pence, 1995). Moreover, recalcitrant do not tolerate level dessication is commonly required prolong (Roberts, 1973). As regards temperate fruit trees, majority belonging this group reproduced by vegetative propagation, thus requiring clonal orchards huge numbers accessions, including old newly selected cultivars, local varieties material. Table 1, instance, gives clear idea efforts today EuropeanPrunusgermplasm, kept repositories 21 countries.