Differential Adaptation in Spatially Heterogeneous Environments and Host-Parasite Coevolution

摘要: The terms adaptive deme formation and local adaptation have been used in the plant-herbivore host-parasite literature, respectively, to designate one of following two situations. first is when mean fitness a population (or deme) on average larger environment this originated from than other environments. second situation its natal populations issued We will use term both conditions are satisfied, though not always case. This definition emphasizes potential differential response with respect their versus nonnatal environments, phenomenon that should be restricted biotic interactions only.