Naturally Avian Influenza Virus–Infected Wild Birds Are More Likely to Test Positive for Mycobacterium spp. and Salmonella spp.

摘要: Wild birds often harbor infectious microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms may present a risk to domestic animals and humans through spillover events. Detections certain have been shown increase host susceptibility infections by other microorganisms, leading coinfections altered host-to-host transmission patterns. However, little is known about the frequency its impact on wild bird populations. In order verify whether avian influenza virus (AIV) natural infection in waterbirds was related excretion 73 AIV-positive samples (feces cloacal swabs) were coupled with AIV-negative same sampling characteristics tested real-time PCR specific for following microorganisms: West Nile virus, avulavirus 1, Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, pseudotuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subspecies, tuberculosis complex, spp. Concurrent detections found 47.9% (35/73) 23.3% (17/73) (P = 0.003). be significantly more prevalent among than (42.9% vs. 22.8%; P 0.024 15.2% 0.0%; 0.0015, respectively). Prevalence concurrent differed years 0.001), families 0.002), species 0.003), AIV subtypes type sample 0.009). Multiple (more one excluding AIV) 9.6% (7/73) all samples, accounting 20% (7/35) detection cases. contrast, we never detected selected These results show that associated monitored Further studies larger field set or under experimental conditions are necessary infer causality trends.