The influence of phylogeny, social style, and sociodemographic factors on macaque social network structure

摘要: Among nonhuman primates, the evolutionary underpinnings of variation in social structure remain debated, with both ancestral relationships and adaptation to current conditions hypothesized play determining roles. Here we assess whether interspecific higher-order aspects female macaque (genus: Macaca) dominance grooming show phylogenetic signals, that is, greater similarity among more closely-related species. We use a network approach describe characteristics structure, based on direct interactions secondary pathways connect group members. also ask traits covary each other, species-typical style grades, and/or sociodemographic characteristics, specifically size, sex-ratio, living condition (captive vs. free-living). assembled 34-38 datasets female-female dyadic aggression allogrooming captive free-living macaques representing 10 calculated (transitivity, certainty), (centrality coefficient, Newman's modularity, clustering coefficient) as structure. Computations K statistics randomization tests multiple phylogenies revealed moderate-strong signals traits, but moderate-weak traits. GLMMs showed did not grade. Rather, modularity centrality were strongly predicted by size condition. Specifically, larger groups modular networks sparsely-connected clusters than smaller groups. Further, this effect was independent condition, sampling effort. In summary, our results reveal phylogenetically conserved across species networks, which labile factors. Such findings narrow down processes influence two core Future directions should include using phylogeographic approaches, addressing challenges examining effects socioecological factors primate [Abstract copyright: © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.]