Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus), Pig-Tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) and Tiger (Panthera tigris) Populations at Tourism Venues in Thailand and Aspects of Their Welfare.

摘要: This study focused on determining the size and welfare aspects of Asian elephant, pig-tailed macaque tiger populations at facilities open to tourists in Thailand. Data were gathered from 118 venues through direct observations interviews with staff. A score sheet-based assessment was used calculate scores between 1 10, indicating each venue’s situation. Factors such as freedom movement for animals, access veterinary care, environmental noise quality, hygiene standards work intensity included sheet. 1688 elephants, 371 macaques 621 tigers found venues. 89 exclusively kept 9 designated ‘Monkey schools’ offered shows, 4 primarily tigers, mostly petting photo opportunities, remaining a mix these animals. strong imbalance female male gender ratios recorded about 4:1 adult elephants 1:4 macaques. Severely inadequate conditions common, 75% 99% being less than 5. 86% 3 5, but significant number above 5 found. 4.6% provided commendable conditions, reaching 8 above. 71% did not offer any sort education animals visitors. is first assess captive wild tourism across It concludes that concerns exist sector Urgent attention needs be given address prevent further suffering. But also ensure demand doesn’t have negative impact populations.